Furnace construction



J. w. GATES.

FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION HLED FEB. 12. I9I8.

1,341,896, Patented June 1, 1920.

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JOHN GATES, OF MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA.

FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

A To all whom it may concern:

Be it .known that .1, JOHN V GATES, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and

resident of the city of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec and Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnace Construction, of which the'following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in boiler and other furnaces, and the objectof the invention is to provide a simple and 1nexpensive compositelining block, the burned out portion of which may be very readily replaced and also to provide facilities, for holding the block facing in place and for its removal.

A further object is to provide a lin ng block, which maybe replaced without disturbing the brickwork of the furnace.

A still further object is to provide a 11ning block which will be positively held against moving bodily or tipping into the furnace and which is so constructed that accumulations of grit fallen from the casing are excluded from the base of the block, so that the block is not forced into the furnace.

Another object is to provide a furnace block which will reduce {the number of seams in a furnace, thus reducing the liability of short circuiting and consequent loss of heat to a minimum. At the present time, furnaces are ordinarily provided with linings of refractory material, such as fire brick, extending from the level of the rates upwardly for a suitable distance. l hese linings burn out in a short time and require to be renewed. For this reason, it is impossible when using ordinary refractory bricks to properly key the same into the wall, with the result that a straight seam extends for a considerable distance vertically all around the furnace. Expansion and contraction of the brickwork is accompanied by a constant fall of grit, which works down through this scam and accumulates at the bottom thereof, gradually forcing the lining bricks into the furnace, so that the lining burns out more rapidly or else collapses. If, in order to prevent the occurrence as above outlined. the lining bricks are keyed into the wall, it becomes necessary to disturb a large part of the furnace wall to renew the lining. In Iatent No. 1,300,374, I have disclosed a Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 1, 1920.

Application filed February 12,1918, Serial No. 216,795.

stepped lining block which overcomes thev difficulties above enumerated but it has the disadvantage that the rear portion of the block, which is perfectly sound and serviceable, must be discarded when it becomes necessary to renew the block, owing to the face bein burned away.

. ;Accord1ng to the present invention, this dlsadvantage is overcome by providing a a renewable face portion securely locked to the rear portion. When in position, the two parts of each block are securely locked together, so that the block is for all practical purposes a unit having a wide base and a stepped rear face, which meshes with the brickwork of the casing to hold the block against tipping into the furnace and to prevent accumulations of grit at the base of the block, which would force the block bodily into the furnace. I

The device consists essentially'of a block having a rear portion of suitable shape, de-

signed to be fitted into a suitable recess in the brickwork of a furnace casing and having a transverse groove on the front face thereof. A facing is provided for the block having a transverse rib which hooks into the groove and securely holds the facing in position. A stretcher course of ordinary brick or firebrick is provided between the facing and the furnace wall proper, to hold the facing against movement necessary to unhook and disengage it.

In the drawings which illustrate the invention composite block having a rear portion, and

Figure 1 is a fragmentary cross sectional view of a furnace wall showing an elementary form of furnace lining block according to this invention in end elevation.

Figs. 2 to 12 inclusive are end elevations showing various modifications which fall within the scope of this invention.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary plan viewshowing the lapping of the facing blocks of any of the preceding figures.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 21 designates the wall of a furnace casing which is rovided from about the level of the grate ars 22 upward with a recess 23 preferably, having a stepped rear u per surface 24 formed by a cornice 25, w 1ch supports the wall above the recess. This cornice is preferably formed of binder courses 26 for the depth of the block and, above that, a single stretcher course 27 and the furnace.

a binder course 28; the ends of. the bricks in the latter course. projecting flush with the wall above the recess.

The lining consists of a series of blocks each composed of a backing 29 and a faclng 30. Each lining block may be stepped on the rear face to mesh withthe cornice and.

the facing may be provided with an equal number of transverse ribs 33 adapted to engage in the groove or grooves of the backing to hold the facing to the backing and against tipping or horizontal movement into In order to insure the desired locking, the groove extends below the lip 34 defining it at the front surface of the backing, so that the rib '33, which depends below the line at which it springs from the facing, will hook over the lip. The front surface 35 of the facing may be inclined from bottom to top toward the rear. In inserting lining blocks of this character in a furnace wall, the backing and facing may be put in together, or separately. Whenthe facing is in place, there will be a space 36 between the facing and the wall, in which a stretcher course 37 of refractory or of ordinary brick is loosely laid. This stretcher course 37, which is not at all under load, serves merely asa fillerto hold the facing 30 against the movement necessary to unhook it from the backing. When the facing becomes burned out, all that is necessary is to remove the stretcher course 37 and pry the facing 30 upwardly out of engagement with the backing. New blocks can then be very quickly insertedv and the stretcher course 37 replaced, using new bricks if necessary.

As will be readily seen, the difference between the blocks shown in Figs 1 and 2 is that in the latter figure, two grooves and ribs are provided, instead of a single groove and rib shown in the former figure. Figs.

3 and 4 show. the single and double rib arrangement on the facing block combined with a rearward sloping portion 38 on thefacing, which increases the depth of the base 39 of the facing, so that a greater thickness of material is provided where the greatest burning out or wastage occurs and the facingthus rendered serviceable for a longer period before being burnt out. In Fi 5 and 6, the base features of the first an sec- 0nd groups of figures are combined with a slight variation in the arrangement of grooves and ribs, this arrangement residing merely in a reversal so that the backing is provided with a rib 40 and the facing with a groove 41. In Figs. 7 and 8, another reversal of the arrangement is shown which resides in reversing the direction of the hooking-on ribs, so, that the facing is held in its locking relation from below instead of from above. In Figs. 9 to 12 inclusive, lining blocks are shown which are the same as in the preceding figures in so far as the connection of the backings and facings is concerned, and which show that the facing maIy be applied to blocks of different shapes. t will be noted that in Figs. 11 and 12, the backing and facing blocks are exactly alike. In Fig. 13, the method of lapping the blocks to prevent leakage of heat through the vertical seams between them is illustrated. Each facing block is provided at one end with a' rabbet 42 and at the opposite end with alip 43 adapted to occupy the rabbet of the adjoining block. The precise method of sealing the vertical joints between the blocks is obviously not limited to the method disclosed in this figure. I

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that the invention resides broadly in two features, the first of which is the provision of a lining block made in two parts, the

*outer or facing part being readily removable without disturbing the inner or backing part said block preferably having steps or ledges thereon to revent accumulations of grit at the base 0 the block, which would force the block bodily into the furnace, said ledges also engaging under the casing and holding the block against tipping into the furnace.

The second feature isthe provision of a stretcher course of brick in the furnace wall to hold the block facings against unhooking, which stretcher course may be readily removed without danger to the wall to liberate the facings for renewal.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 2-- 1 In furnace construction, the. combination with a furnace wall of a lining block having a stepped rear face forming at thebase a rearward extension engageable with a furnace wall to hold the block against tipping into the furnace, and forming intermediate the base and top arearwardly. extending ledge adapted to exclude fallen grit from the base ofthe block, said block comprising a backing and a removable facing, and a brick course in the wall removable to form a space into which the facing may be shifted for removal,

21in furnace construction the combina'. tion with a furnace wall of a stepped shape lining block providing at the base a rearward extension engaging the wall and held thereby against tipping, said block comprising a backing and a facing hooked onto the said backing, and a course of bricks in the wall holding the facing against unhooking.

3. In furnace construction, the combination with a furnace wall having a recess from the level of the grates upward, the wall above said recess being self supporting, of a composite lining block in said recess, comprising interlocking backing and facing portions separable by relative vertical move ment, and a filling course in said recess holding the parts of the composite block against relative vertical movement. 4. In furnace construction, a wall having a recess extending from the level of the grate upward, the wall being self-supporting above the recess, and blocks in said recess each comprising a backing and a protective facing, said facings being formed for interengagement with the facings of adjoining blocks to close the seams between the blocks to the escape of heat, and means for removabl-y holding the facings in place.

5. In furnace construction, a wall having P a recess,from the level of the grate upward,

a block in said recess having rearwardly extending ledges engaging the rear surface of-the wall recess and holding the block against tipping intothe' furnace a protective facing releasably connected to the block, and a filling in the recess holding the facing against disconnection from the block.

6. In furnace construction, a wall having a recess from the level of the grate upward, and a block in said recess comprising a backing and a separable facing having interengaging hooked ledges formed to permit relative movement of the block parts in an inclined plane, and removable means in said recess holding the facing against movement in an inclined plane. I

7. In furnace construction, a wall having upward, the wall above the recess being self-sustaining, of a removable block in the inner portion of said recess and a removable facing in the outer portion of the recess re leasably connected to the block, said block and facing being removable without disturbance of the wall.

9.- In combination with a device according to claim 8, a removable block in the outer .part of said recess holding the facing in connected relation with the block.

10. In furnace construction, a wall havin a recess from the level of the grate upwarc adapted to removably receive lining blocks, lining blocks in said recess comprising separable backing and facing portions, and means holding thebacking and facing portions against separation in the Wall recess.

11. In furnace construction, a wallhaving a recess from the level of the grate upward adapted to removably receive lining blocks, lining blocks in said recess comprising separable backing and facing portions, and means cooperating with the wall to hold the backing and facing against separation in the wall recess. p

In witness whereof I have hereunto set h a. my an JOHN w. GATES. 

